Whenever I see a title like "Top Programming Languages," I get intrigued. But, at the same time I also become a little cautious about what exactly is meant by "top." The link above is done by the IEEE -- no doubt a fairly reliable information source. Even better, the dash board is not just a static graph, it is interactive and allows you to explore different facets. For example, you can see the ranking by Web Programming, or by Mobile Programming. Or from the viewpoint of employers' demand.
http://spectrum.ieee.org/ns/IEEE_TPL/methods.html
There is no secret sauce; their methodology is spelled out clearly.
"IEEE Top Programming Languages: Design, Methods, and Data Sources
The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 12 metrics from 10 sources to arrive at an overall ranking of language popularity. The sources cover contexts that include social chatter, open-source code production, and job postings."
What is interesting is that Github is used as a starting point to get an initial list of potential programming languages. Not asking any of the top technology companies to come up with their favourites. Or any computer scientists in academia to nominate their list. What is missing is perhaps a geographic dimension to this poll. Some languages are much more popular in certain parts of the world compared with the US or other countries.
'What We Track
'What We Track
Starting from a list of over 150 programming languages gathered from GitHub, we looked at the volume of results found on Google when we searched for each one in the pattern “X programming” where “X” is the name of the language. We filtered out languages if they had a very low number of search results and then went through the list by hand to identify the most interesting languages. We labeled each language according to its use in Web, mobile, enterprise/desktop, or embedded environments.'
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